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Citation Help

In academic writing it is important to cite resources you consult. This guide will overview the process for various types of resources and introduce you to software programs that can help with the process.

Image Citations: Chicago Style

Typically, images are not cited in the bibliography. Rather the information necessary to locate an image is included in an image caption. When formatting image citations in Chicago style, follow the guidelines below and reference the placement of credit lines in The Chicago Manual of Style Online:

  • Images should be labeled Figure, abbreviated to Fig., followed by an assigned number,
    and given a caption.
  • Caption details include the artist’s name, the title of the artwork, date, materialsmeasurementsrepository, physical location, source, and credit link.
  • The source of the artwork is where you referenced the image. It could include a book, article, database, or website.

Image Sources

Format

Figure Number. Artist/Creator, Title, date, materials, measurements, repository/location. Source. URL. (Credit Line).

Example

Figure 6. Helen Frankenthaler, Europa, 1957, oil on unprimed canvas, 179.1 x 137.8 cm, Helen Frankenthaler Foundation, New York, New York. Reed Digital Collections. https://rdc.reed.edu/i/d108b8fd-0f50-4e3b-bedc-3000dc173554. (© 2019 Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York).

Format

Figure Number. Artist/Creator, Title, date, materials, measurements, repository/location. Source. figure/plate number referenced in the print source. (Credit Line).

Example

Figure 7. Helen Frankenthaler, Europa, 1957, oil on unprimed canvas, 179.1 x 137.8 cm, Helen Frankenthaler Foundation, New York, New York. Frankenthaler, Helen, and Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum. After Mountains and Sea : Frankenthaler 1956-1959. New York, NY: Guggenheim Museum, 1998. fig. 3. (© 2019 Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York).

Format

Figure Number. Artist/Creator, Title, date, materials, measurements, repository/location, URL. (Credit Line).

Example

Figure 3.5. Berenice Abbott, Jane Heap, ca. 1928, gelatin silver print, 24.1 x 18.7 cm [9 1/2 x 7 3/8 inches], The Metropolitan Museum of Art. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/261798. (Image courtesy The Metropolitan Museum of Art; © Berenice Abbott / Commerce Graphics Ltd. Inc.).