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Neuroscience Qual

When to Cite

For your Neuroscience Qual, the focus on citations is that they are all consistently one style.

Academic writing requires that you acknowledge use of the intellectual work of others.  These are some of the most common situations that require that you identify and give credit to the work of others:

  • A direct quote from a text.
  • A direct quote from someone else’s writing about that text.
  • A paraphrase of the ideas of another writer.

It is not necessary to give credit for commonly known facts or expressions. 

Sources to cite also include:

  • texts
  • charts
  • photos
  • graphs
  • diagrams
  • data sets

NOTE: Zotero can help you organize your sources into a library that you can then insert citations as your write. For help contact your librarian.


[1] The Chicago Manual of Style, 15th ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003), 444-45.

Specific Style Guides

Major Citation Style Manuals

Chicago Manual of Style (Z253.U69 2017 - Online, at the Ref Desk, in Reference, PARC Reference, and in the stacks)
NOTE: There are two versions outlined in Chicago: A, the humanities style, and B, author-date, preferred by social science and science disciplines.

MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers (LB2369.G53 2016 - at the Ref Desk, in Reference, and in the stacks)

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (BF76.7 .P83 2020 - at the Ref Desk, in Reference, PARC Reference, and in the stacks)

How to Cite Film and Video

Citation Style Manual (Which to use!)

Online Citation Generators